To check for more information regarding passport:
http://travel.state.gov/passport/get/fees/fees_837.html
Age 16 and older: The passport application fee is $67. The execution fee is $30. The total is $97 .
Under Age 16: The passport application fee is $52. The execution fee is $30. The total is $82 .
The passport application fee includes the $12.00 Security Surcharge, which became effective March 8, 2005.
A must read: http://travel.state.gov/passport/passport_1738.html
http://iafdb.travel.state.gov/ - This is where you apply for a passport - put in your zip code or do a search by city/state.
This should help.
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I'm certain your credit cards will be good as well as worldwide.
As for things to do, check: http://www.tourismvancouver.com/visitors/
It ranges from beaches to dining to shopping to attractions to activities, stuff like that.